Mycophenolate is an immunosuppressant that works by inhibiting white blood cell activity and reducing antibody production. In veterinary neurology, it is most commonly prescribed as an adjunctive treatment for immune-mediated meningoencephalitis. Because of the potential for side effects, blood work (CBC, chemistry panel, and electrolytes) should be performed after starting the medication and then 2–3 times per … Read moreMycophenolate
Leflunomide is an immunomodulatory drug with broad immunosuppressive effects. In veterinary neurology, it is most commonly used to treat immune-mediated meningoencephalomyelitis, as it can cross the blood–brain barrier. It may also be used for other immune-mediated conditions. Because it suppresses the immune system, leflunomide is usually prescribed for long-term management of immune-mediated diseases. It may … Read moreLeflunomide
Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant medication that works by decreasing response by certain immune cells. In veterinary neurology, it is often prescribed in combination with corticosteroids to treat immune-mediated meningoencephalitis and other immune-related neurological conditions. Because immune-mediated diseases are typically chronic conditions, cyclosporine is frequently prescribed for long-term use. It may take 4–8 weeks after starting cyclosporine for the … Read moreCyclosporine (Atopica)
Cytarabine is a chemotherapy drug that is used in veterinary neurology as an immunosuppressant. It crosses the blood–brain barrier and suppresses the overactive immune system. It is considered the gold standard treatment for dogs with immune-mediated meningoencephalitis. It is almost always given together with corticosteroids, such as prednisone. Cytarabine has the strongest scientific evidence of effectiveness among immunosuppressants for treating immune-mediated … Read moreCytarabine (Cytosar)
